Both were the Protestant daughters of James VII and II by his first wife Anne Hyde and the great-grandchildren of James VI and I. Two Stuart queens ruled the isles following the Glorious Revolution in 1688: Mary II and Anne. In total, nine Stewart/Stuart monarchs ruled Scotland alone from 1371 until 1603, the last of whom was James VI, before his accession in England. The Stuarts were monarchs of Britain and Ireland and its growing empire until the death of Queen Anne in 1714, except for the period of the Commonwealth between 16. Elizabeth I of England died without issue in 1603, and James IV's great-grandson (and Mary's only son) James VI of Scotland succeeded to the thrones of England and Ireland as James I in the Union of the Crowns. In 1503, James IV married Margaret Tudor, thus linking the royal houses of Scotland and England. Mary, Queen of Scots, was brought up in France where she adopted the French spelling of the name Stuart. The first monarch of the Stewart line was Robert II, whose male-line descendants were kings and queens in Scotland from 1371, and of England, Ireland and Great Britain from 1603, until 1714. The name Stewart and variations had become established as a family name by the time of his grandson Walter Stewart.
The family name comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland, which had been held by the family progenitor Walter fitz Alan ( c.
The House of Stuart, originally spelled Stewart, was a royal house of Scotland, England, Ireland and later Great Britain.
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